Degrees Flooding Zimbabwe’s Informal Sector: A Call for Practical Education
Zimbabwe’s economy, much like India’s, is now predominantly driven by the informal sector. Many graduates, armed with degrees in disciplines like Local Governance, Sociology, International Studies, Politics and Public Administration, Psychology, Industrial Relations, Philosophy, and Art History, are finding themselves without formal employment opportunities. The reality is stark—90% of these graduates end up in the informal sector, many resorting to becoming vendors to make ends meet.
Why Are These Degrees Struggling in Zimbabwe?
A key issue is the duplication of skills. Many of the degrees flooding the market overlap with Human Resources qualifications, making it difficult for graduates to stand out in an already saturated job market. Moreover, Zimbabwe’s economic environment offers limited opportunities for roles directly related to these fields. With only a handful of organizations in the country able to absorb these graduates, the bulk are left jobless or underemployed.
In addition, Zimbabwe’s current economic structure does not prioritize sectors that require these degrees. As the country battles economic challenges, industries related to humanities and social sciences are shrinking, leaving fewer jobs for those who have invested in these disciplines.
The Informal Economy: A Reality Check for Graduates
The informal sector in Zimbabwe is rapidly growing, offering a space for survival rather than wealth accumulation. However, it is important for students to understand that working in the informal sector—whether as vendors or small business owners—does not guarantee financial prosperity. In fact, informal sector workers are often subject to exploitation, with little to no chance of upward mobility or wealth creation.
The challenge lies in how graduates, particularly those with theoretical or non-vocational degrees, can adapt to this new reality. Instead of aiming for formal employment, which is increasingly scarce, the focus should be on entrepreneurial ventures that can thrive in an informal economy. This shift requires a change in mindset and, more importantly, a reevaluation of the types of degrees being offered by tertiary institutions.
A Call for Practical Education
The solution lies in a more practical approach to education. Zimbabwean students must be encouraged to pursue hands-on, skills-based programs that directly align with the needs of the informal sector. Degrees that focus on entrepreneurship, vocational training, and technical skills are better suited to the current economic landscape.
For instance, programs in business management, technology, agriculture, construction, and mechanical trades would equip graduates with the practical skills needed to succeed in the informal sector. These areas have the potential to create sustainable livelihoods, with the added benefit of contributing to the country’s economic growth.
A New Way Forward
As Zimbabwe’s informal sector continues to expand, it is vital that students make informed decisions when choosing their career paths. Institutions must also take responsibility by offering more relevant, practical programs that align with the realities of today’s job market.
The world outside the classroom is no longer about getting employed—it’s about creating employment. Graduates must embrace the entrepreneurial spirit and develop the skills necessary to build their own businesses. Only then can Zimbabwe’s economy evolve in a way that supports its growing workforce, while reducing the dependence on degrees that no longer serve the country’s needs.
In conclusion, the key to unlocking Zimbabwe’s future lies in education reform, a shift towards practical skills, and a mindset of self-sufficiency. It’s time for students, educators, and policymakers to take the necessary steps to ensure that Zimbabwe’s youth are prepared for the challenges of the modern economy.
Abou the Writer
Insta HR is an education and career consultant with extensive experience in Zimbabwe’s job market dynamics. With a focus on guiding students and graduates toward practical, market-relevant career choices, Insta HR offers valuable insights on how to navigate the shifting economic landscape. Through articles and professional advice, Insta HR advocates for hands-on education and entrepreneurship as essential tools for success in today’s economy.